The bulbourethral glands, also known as Cowper’s glands, are pair of small exocrine glands located at the base of the penis They producing a clear, alkaline fluid called Cowper’s fluid, which is secreted during sexual arousal and helps to lubricate the urethra and neutralize any acidic urine that may be present. This secretion often precedes ejaculation and is sometimes noticed as “pre-ejaculate.” It may also help to flush out any sperm that may be remaining in the urethra from previous ejaculations.